Article 210
Detention may be ordered only under the conditions specified in this Code and only if the same purpose cannot be achieved by another measure.
It is the duty of all authorities participating in criminal proceedings and authorities providing legal assistance for them to keep the duration of detention as short as possible and to act especially expeditiously if the defendant is in detention.
For the duration of the proceedings, detention will be revoked as soon as the reasons for which it was ordered cease to exist.
Reasons for Ordering Detention
Article 211
Detention may be ordered against a person for whom there exists grounded suspicion that he has committed a criminal offence if:
he is in hiding or his identity cannot be established or in the capacity of defendant he is clearly avoiding appearing at the trial or if there exist other circumstances indicating a flight risk;
there exist circumstances indicating that he will destroy, conceal, alter or falsify evidence or traces of a criminal offence or if particular circumstances indicate that he will obstruct the proceedings by exerting influence on witnesses, accomplices or concealers;
particular circumstances indicate that in a short period of time he will repeat the criminal offence, or complete an attempted criminal offence, or commit a criminal offence he is threatening to commit;
the criminal offence with which he is charged is punishable by a term of imprisonment of more than ten years or a term of imprisonment of more than five years for a criminal offence with elements of violence, or he has been sentenced by a court of first instance to a term of imprisonment of five years or more, and the way of commission or the gravity of consequences of the criminal offence have disturbed the public to such an extent that this may threaten the unimpeded and fair conduct of criminal proceedings.
In the case referred to in paragraph 1 item 1) of this Article, detention ordered solely because the identity of the person cannot be established lasts only until that identity is established, and detention ordered solely because a defendant obviously avoids appearing at the
trial may last until the publication of the judgment. In the case referred to in paragraph 1 item 2) of this Article, detention will be revoked as soon as the evidence because of which detention was ordered is secured.
When it pronounces a judgment ordering a term of imprisonment of less than five years, the court may order detention for a defendant who is at liberty if the reasons referred to in paragraph 1 items 1) and 3) of this Article exist, and it will revoke detention for a defendant who is in detention if the reasons for which it was ordered no longer exist.
Deciding on Detention
Article 212
The court decides on ordering detention on a motion by the public prosecutor, and after the indictment is confirmed, also ex officio.
Before issuing the decision referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, the court will question the defendant in connection with the reasons for ordering detention. The questioning may be attended by the public prosecutor and the defence counsel.
The court is required to inform in a suitable manner the public prosecutor and the defence counsel on the time and place of the defendant’s questioning. The questioning may also be performed in the absence of persons duly notified.
By exception from paragraph 2 of this Article, the decision ordering detention may be issued without questioning the defendant if the circumstances referred to in Article 195 paragraph 1 items 1) and 2) of this Code, or a danger of delays, exist.
If detention was ordered in accordance with paragraph 4 of this Article, the court will within 48 hours of the hour of the arrest question the defendant in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article. After the questioning, the court will decided whether to leave the decision ordering detention in force or to repeal detention.
Ruling Ordering Detention
Article 213
Detention is ordered by a ruling of the competent court.
The ruling ordering detention contains: the first name and surname of the person being detained, criminal offence with which he is charged, legal basis for the detention, time for which detention is being ordered, time of the arrest, advice on a right to an appeal, substantiation of the grounds and reasons for ordering detention, official seal and signature of the judge who orders detention.
The ruling ordering detention is served to the defendant at the time of his arrest, or no later than 12 hours after he has been remanded to custody. The file must specify the date and hour of the arrest of the defendant and service of the ruling.
Detention during the Investigation
Article 214
Detention during the investigation may be ordered, extended or repealed by a ruling of the judge for preliminary proceedings or the panel (Article 21 paragraph 4).
The ruling extending or repealing detention is issued ex officio or on a motion of the parties and the defence counsel.
The parties and defence counsel may appeal against the ruling on detention to the panel (Article 21 paragraph 4). The appeal, ruling and other documents are immediately delivered to the panel. An appeal does not stay execution of the ruling.
A decision on the appeal is issued within 48 hours.
Duration of Detention during the Investigation
Article 215
Based on ruling of the judge for preliminary proceedings, a defendant may be kept in detention for a maximum of three months from the date of being deprived of liberty. The judge for preliminary proceedings is required, even without a motion by the parties or defence counsel, to examine at the end of each 30 days whether the reasons for detention still exist and to issue a ruling extending or repealing detention.
A panel of the immediately higher court (Article 21 paragraph 4) may, acting on a reasoned motion of the public prosecutor, for important reasons extend detention by a maximum of another three months. An appeal is allowed against that ruling, but it does not stay execution of the ruling.
If no indictment is filed by the expiry of the time limits referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, the defendant will be released.
Detention after an Indictment has been filed
Article 216
From the filing of the indictment to the court until the commitment of the defendant to serve a custodial criminal sanction, detention may be ordered, extended or repealed by a ruling of the panel.
The ruling ordering, extending or repealing detention is issued ex officio or on a motion of the parties and the defence counsel.
The panel is required even without a motion of the parties and the defence counsel to examine whether reasons for detention still exist and to issue a ruling extending or repealing detention, at the expiry of each 30 days until the indictment is confirmed, and at the expiry of each 60 days after the indictment is confirmed and up to the adoption of a first instance judgment.
If after the indictment is confirmed detention is repealed because there are no grounds for suspicion about the existence of a criminal offence, the court will examine the indictment in accordance with Article 337 of this Code.
The parties and the defence counsel may appeal against the ruling referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article, and the public prosecutor may also appeal against a ruling denying a motion for ordering detention. The appeal, ruling and other documents are immediately delivered to the panel. An appeal does not stay the execution of the ruling.
Detention ordered or extended in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 1 to 5 of this Article may last until the commitment of the defendant to serve a custodial criminal sanction, but no longer than the expiry of the duration of the criminal sanction pronounced in the first-instance judgment.
Article 291
The police may arrest a person if there exist a reason for ordering detention (Article 211), but it is required to take such a person without delay to the competent public prosecutor. When
bringing the person in, the police will submit to the public prosecutor a report on the reasons for and time of the arrest.
The person arrested must be advised of the rights referred to in Article 69 paragraph 1 of this Code.
If the taking of the arrested person [to the prosecutor] due to unavoidable obstacles lasted more than eight hours, the police are required to explain the delay in detail to the public prosecutor, about which the public prosecutor will draft an official note. The public prosecutor will enter in the note the arrested person’s statement about the time and place of the arrest.
(a) The Court shall have the authority to make requests to States Parties for cooperation. The requests shall be transmitted through the diplomatic channel or any other appropriate channel as may be designated by each State Party upon ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. Subsequent changes to the designation shall be made by each State Party in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Evidence.
(b) When appropriate, without prejudice to the provisions of subparagraph (a), requests may also be transmitted through the International Criminal Police Organization or any appropriate regional organization.
2. Requests for cooperation and any documents supporting the request shall either be in or be accompanied by a translation into an official language of the requested State or one of the working languages of the Court, in accordance with the choice made by that State upon ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. Subsequent changes to this choice shall be made in accordance with the Rules of Procedure and Evidence.
3. The requested State shall keep confidential a request for cooperation and any documents supporting the request, except to the extent that the disclosure is necessary for execution of the request.
4. In relation to any request for assistance presented under this Part, the Court may take such measures, including measures related to the protection of information, as may be necessary to ensure the safety or physical or psychological well-being of any victims, potential witnesses and their families. The Court may request that any information that is made available under this Part shall be provided and handled in a manner that protects the safety and physical or psychological well-being of any victims, potential witnesses and their families.
(a) The Court may invite any State not party to this Statute to provide assistance under this Part on the basis of an ad hoc arrangement, an agreement with such State or any other appropriate basis.
(b) Where a State not party to this Statute, which has entered into an ad hoc arrangement or an agreement with the Court, fails to cooperate with requests pursuant to any such arrangement or agreement, the Court may so inform the Assembly of States Parties or, where the Security Council referred the matter to the Court, the Security Council.
6. The Court may ask any intergovernmental organization to provide information or documents. The Court may also ask for other forms of cooperation and assistance which may be agreed upon with such an organization and which are in accordance with its competence or mandate.
7. Where a State Party fails to comply with a request to cooperate by the Court contrary to the provisions of this Statute, thereby preventing the Court from exercising its functions and powers under this Statute, the Court may make a finding to that effect and refer the matter to the Assembly of States Parties or, where the Security Council referred the matter to the Court, to the Security Council.
States Parties shall ensure that there are procedures available under their national law for all of the forms of cooperation which are specified under this Part.
1. The Court may transmit a request for the arrest and surrender of a person, together with the material supporting the request outlined in article 91, to any State on the territory of which that person may be found and shall request the cooperation of that State in the arrest and surrender of such a person. States Parties shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Part and the procedure under their national law, comply with requests for arrest and surrender.
2. Where the person sought for surrender brings a challenge before a national court on the basis of the principle of ne bis in idem as provided in article 20, the requested State shall immediately consult with the Court to determine if there has been a relevant ruling on admissibility. If the case is admissible, the requested State shall proceed with the execution of the request. If an admissibility ruling is pending, the requested State may postpone the execution of the request for surrender of the person until the Court makes a determination on admissibility.
(a) A State Party shall authorize, in accordance with its national procedural law, transportation through its territory of a person being surrendered to the Court by another State, except where transit through that State would impede or delay the surrender.
(b) A request by the Court for transit shall be transmitted in accordance with article 87. The request for transit shall contain:
(i) A description of the person being transported;
(ii) A brief statement of the facts of the case and their legal characterization; and
(iii) The warrant for arrest and surrender;
(c) A person being transported shall be detained in custody during the period of transit;
(d) No authorization is required if the person is transported by air and no landing is scheduled on the territory of the transit State;
(e) If an unscheduled landing occurs on the territory of the transit State, that State may require a request for transit from the Court as provided for in subparagraph (b). The transit State shall detain the person being transported until the request for transit is received and the transit is effected, provided that detention for purposes of this subparagraph may not be extended beyond 96 hours from the unscheduled landing unless the request is received within that time.
4. If the person sought is being proceeded against or is serving a sentence in the requested State for a crime different from that for which surrender to the Court is sought, the requested State, after making its decision to grant the request, shall consult with the Court.
1. A State Party which receives a request from the Court for the surrender of a person under article 89 shall, if it also receives a request from any other State for the extradition of the same person for the same conduct which forms the basis of the crime for which the Court seeks the person's surrender, notify the Court and the requesting State of that fact.
2. Where the requesting State is a State Party, the requested State shall give priority to the request from the Court if:
(a) The Court has, pursuant to article 18 or 19, made a determination that the case in respect of which surrender is sought is admissible and that determination takes into account the investigation or prosecution conducted by the requesting State in respect of its request for extradition; or
(b) The Court makes the determination described in subparagraph (a) pursuant to the requested State's notification under paragraph 1.
3. Where a determination under paragraph 2 (a) has not been made, the requested State may, at its discretion, pending the determination of the Court under paragraph 2 (b), proceed to deal with the request for extradition from the requesting State but shall not extradite the person until the Court has determined that the case is inadmissible. The Court's determination shall be made on an expedited basis.
4. If the requesting State is a State not Party to this Statute the requested State, if it is not under an international obligation to extradite the person to the requesting State, shall give priority to the request for surrender from the Court, if the Court has determined that the case is admissible.
5. Where a case under paragraph 4 has not been determined to be admissible by the Court, the requested State may, at its discretion, proceed to deal with the request for extradition from the requesting State.
6. In cases where paragraph 4 applies except that the requested State is under an existing international obligation to extradite the person to the requesting State not Party to this Statute, the requested State shall determine whether to surrender the person to the Court or extradite the person to the requesting State. In making its decision, the requested State shall consider all the relevant factors, including but not limited to:
(a) The respective dates of the requests;
(b) The interests of the requesting State including, where relevant, whether the crime was committed in its territory and the nationality of the victims and of the person sought; and
(c) The possibility of subsequent surrender between the Court and the requesting State.
7. Where a State Party which receives a request from the Court for the surrender of a person also receives a request from any State for the extradition of the same person for conduct other than that which constitutes the crime for which the Court seeks the person's surrender:
(a) The requested State shall, if it is not under an existing international obligation to extradite the person to the requesting State, give priority to the request from the Court;
(b) The requested State shall, if it is under an existing international obligation to extradite the person to the requesting State, determine whether to surrender the person to the Court or to extradite the person to the requesting State. In making its decision, the requested State shall consider all the relevant factors, including but not limited to those set out in paragraph 6, but shall give special consideration to the relative nature and gravity of the conduct in question.
Where pursuant to a notification under this article, the Court has determined a case to be inadmissible, and subsequently extradition to the requesting State is refused, the requested State shall notify the Court of this decision.
1. A request for arrest and surrender shall be made in writing. In urgent cases, a request may be made by any medium capable of delivering a written record, provided that the request shall be confirmed through the channel provided for in article 87, paragraph 1 (a).
2. In the case of a request for the arrest and surrender of a person for whom a warrant of arrest has been issued by the Pre-Trial Chamber under article 58, the request shall contain or be supported by:
(a) Information describing the person sought, sufficient to identify the person, and information as to that person's probable location;
(b) A copy of the warrant of arrest; and
(c) Such documents, statements or information as may be necessary to meet the requirements for the surrender process in the requested State, except that those requirements should not be more burdensome than those applicable to requests for extradition pursuant to treaties or arrangements between the requested State and other States and should, if possible, be less burdensome, taking into account the distinct nature of the Court.
3. In the case of a request for the arrest and surrender of a person already convicted, the request shall contain or be supported by:
(a) A copy of any warrant of arrest for that person;
(b) A copy of the judgement of conviction;
(c) Information to demonstrate that the person sought is the one referred to in the judgement of conviction; and
(d) If the person sought has been sentenced, a copy of the sentence imposed and, in the case of a sentence for imprisonment, a statement of any time already served and the time remaining to be served.
4. Upon the request of the Court, a State Party shall consult with the Court, either generally or with respect to a specific matter, regarding any requirements under its national law that may apply under paragraph 2 (c). During the consultations, the State Party shall advise the Court of the specific requirements of its national law.
1. In urgent cases, the Court may request the provisional arrest of the person sought, pending presentation of the request for surrender and the documents supporting the request as specified in article 91.
2. The request for provisional arrest shall be made by any medium capable of delivering a written record and shall contain:
(a) Information describing the person sought, sufficient to identify the person, and information as to that person's probable location;
(b) A concise statement of the crimes for which the person's arrest is sought and of the facts which are alleged to constitute those crimes, including, where possible, the date and location of the crime;
(c) A statement of the existence of a warrant of arrest or a judgement of conviction against the person sought; and
(d) A statement that a request for surrender of the person sought will follow.
3. A person who is provisionally arrested may be released from custody if the requested State has not received the request for surrender and the documents supporting the request as specified in article 91 within the time limits specified in the Rules of Procedure and Evidence. However, the person may consent to surrender before the expiration of this period if permitted by the law of the requested State. In such a case, the requested State shall proceed to surrender the person to the Court as soon as possible.
4. The fact that the person sought has been released from custody pursuant to paragraph 3 shall not prejudice the subsequent arrest and surrender of that person if the request for surrender and the documents supporting the request are delivered at a later date.